Clinicopathological profile and outcomes of treatment of head and neck cancer patients in a tertiary care center: a hospital-based prospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20223380Keywords:
Head and neck cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma, Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, Treatment outcomesAbstract
Background: Globally head and neck cancers constitute among the 10 most common cancers. The study's main purpose was to study the epidemiological and demographic factors and outcomes of treatment of head and neck cancer patients in a tertiary centre. A Chi-square test was used to analyse the association of various factors. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for statistical analysis.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 52 patients with head and neck cancers were evaluated and data regarding age, gender, risk factors, clinical features, grading, staging, and treatment modality received were taken. Presenting symptoms of patients at the 1st follow-up (at 1 month), 2nd follow-up (at 2 months), and 3rd follow-up (at 6 months) were statistically analysed.
Results: Results showed that the mean age group was between 61 to 70 years. Gender distribution showed that 75% were males and 25% were females. The most common site of malignancy was the oropharynx (23.08%). The majority of the tumors were squamous cell carcinoma (88.46%) and are of moderately differentiated type (53.85%). Majority of the tumors (42.31%) presented with stage III lesions. Most of the patients 35 (67.31%) received concurrent chemoradiation (CT-RT). The most common complaint in the first and second follow-up was mucositis.
Conclusions: The majority of the tumors are squamous cell carcinoma and are moderately differentiated. Most of the tumors were in stage III, and most received chemoradiation (CT-RT) for treatment.
References
Kumar KSD, Bhushan IP, Novshaba, Annam CS. A retrospective study on head and neck malignancies in a tertiary care hospital in the Telangana region. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;5:997-1004.
EE V. Weichselbaum RR. Lippman SM, Hong WK. Head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:184-94.
Pai SI, Westra WH. Molecular pathology of head and neck cancer: implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease. 2009;4:49-70.
Miyaishi O, Ando F, Matsuzawa K, Kanawa R, Isobe KI. Cancer incidence in old age. Mechanisms of ageing and development. 2000;117(1-3):47-55.
Dasgupta S, Chakrabarti S, Deb AR. Clinicopathological profile of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Indian J Med Paediatric Oncol. 2019;40(03):369-73.
Chauhan JP, Bharti B, Bhadouriya SS, Kumar A, Narain P, Singh J. Laryngeal cancer: a clinicopathological study of 65 cases. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;4(1):163-8.
Siddiqui MS, Chandra R, Aziz A, Suman S. Epidemiology and histopathological spectrum of head and neck cancers in Bihar, a state of Eastern India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(8):3949-53.
Sanghvi LD, Rao DN, Joshi S. Epidemiology of head and neck cancers. Semin Surg Oncol. 1989;5(5):305-9.
Chidzonga MM, Mahomva L. Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, maxillary antrum and lip in a Zimbabwean population: a descriptive epidemiological study. Oral Oncol. 2006;42(2):184-9.
Trivedi NP, Kekatpure VD, Trivedi NN, Kuriakose MA. Head and neck cancer in India: Need to formulate uniform national treatment guideline? Indian J Cancer. 2012;49(1):6.
Trotti A, Bellm LA, Epstein JB, Frame D, Fuchs HJ, Gwede CK, Komaroff E, Nalysnyk L, Zilberberg MD. Mucositis incidence, severity and associated outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy: a systematic literature review. Radiotherap Oncol. 2003;66(3):253-62.
