Characteristics of patients with sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss: observational study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20222438Keywords:
SNHL, Early treatment, Tinnitus, Observational study, Prognostic factorsAbstract
Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is considered as acute onset hearing disturbance characterized by hearing loss of greater than 30 decibels.
Methods: This retrospective research included data from 83 hospitalized patients (92 ears) and was conducted in a regional multidisciplinary children's medical centre between January 2014 and December 2019. We performed examinations of the eardrum as well as cranial nerves.
Results: Among the 92 ears with SNHL, 8 ears (8.7%) in age group of 2-18 years, 33 ears (35.9%) in the group of 19-30 years, 30 (32.6%) and 21 ears (22.8%) represented the age groups of 31-65 and those aged over 65 years respectively. Hearing loss in 5 ears (5,4%) was rated as light, in 7 ears (7.6%) as moderate, in 14 ears (15.2%) as severe, and 66 ears (71.7%) out of the 92 had profound degree of hearing loss. Early treatment of SNHL was positive predictive factor for recovery (OR=2.54, 95% CI 1.09-5.91, p=0.03). The presence of tinnitus was also strongly linked with better recovery outcomes while not significantly associated (OR=2.59, 95% CI 0.91-7.37, p=0.07).
Conclusions: In the course of our research, we found that 11.9% of patients made a full recovery, while the total recovery rate was 42.3%. Positive prognostic markers for hearing recovery were early treatment and a strong trend was observed with the presence of tinnitus.
References
Chandrasekhar SS, Tsai BS, Schwartz SR, Bontempo LJ, Faucett EA, Finestone SA, et al. Clinical practice guideline: sudden hearing loss (update). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;161(1):1-45.
Kim SH, Kim SJ, Im H, Kim TH, Song JJ, Chae SW. A trend in sudden sensorineural hearing loss: data from a population-based study. Audiol Neurotol. 2017;22(6):311-6.
Kang WS, Yang CJ, Shim M, Song CI, Kim TS, Lim HW, et al. Prognostic factors for recovery from sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a retrospective study. J Audiol Otol. 2017;21(1):9.
Nosrati-Zarenoe R, Arlinger S, Hultcrantz E. Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: results drawn from the Swedish national database. Acta Oto Laryngologica. 2007;127(11):1168-75.
Merchant SN, Adams JC, Nadol JB. Pathology and pathophysiology of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otol Neurotol. 2005;26(2):151-60.
Oreskovic Z, Shejbal D, Bicanic G, Kekic B. Influence of lipoproteins and fibrinogen on pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. J Laryngol Otol. 2011;125(3):258-61.
Eisenhut M. Evidence supporting the hypothesis that inflammation-induced vasospasm is involved in the pathogenesis of acquired sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Otolaryngol. 2019;2019.
Greco A, Fusconi M, Gallo A, Marinelli C, Macri GF, DeVincentiis M. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: an autoimmune disease? Autoimmun Rev. 2011;10(12):756-61.
Chadha S, Cieza A. Promoting global action on hearing loss: World hearing day. Int J Audiol. 2017;56(3):145-7.
Olusanya BO, Davis AC, Hoffman HJ. Hearing loss grades and the International classification of functioning, disability and health. Bull World Health Organizat. 2019;97(10):725.
Kuhn M, Heman-Ackah SE, Shaikh JA, Roehm PC. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a review of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Trend Amplification. 2011;15(3):91-105.
Karltorp E, Löfkvist U, Lewensohn‐Fuchs I, Lindström K, Westblad M, Fahnehjelm K, et al. Impaired balance and neurodevelopmental disabilities among children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Acta Paediatrica. 2014;103(11):1165-73.
Xie Y, Orabi NA, Zwolan TA, Basura GJ. Outcomes of unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Two decades of experience. Laryngosc Investigat Otolaryngol. 2019;4(6):693-702.
Lee SY, Choi BY, Koo JW, DeRidder D, Song JJ. Cortical oscillatory signatures reveal the prerequisites for tinnitus perception: a comparison of subjects with sudden sensorineural hearing loss with and without tinnitus. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:596647.
Chen C, Shi G, He M, Song X, Cheng X, Wang B, et al. Characteristics and prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss in aged people: a retrospective study. Acta Oto Laryngologica. 2019;139(11):959-65.
