Primary and secondary atrophic rhinitis: a microbiological and histopathological study

Parameshwar Keshanagari; Rhesa Noel

doi:10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20174337

Authors

Parameshwar Keshanagari Department of ENT, MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-2386
Rhesa Noel Department of ENT, MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9563-6401

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20174337

Keywords:

Primary atrophic rhinitis, Secondary atrophic rhinitis, squamous metaplasia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Background: Atrophic rhinitis is a distressing chronic nasal pathology characterized by progressive nasal mucosal atrophy, formation of thick crusts and a distinct foul odor. The etiology of this condition is still controvertible. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the microbiological flora and histopathological changes in primary and secondary atrophic rhinitis patients.

Methods: A total 50 atrophic rhinitis patients (15 males & 35 females) were considered, all patients were undergone for complete haemogram, microbiological examination of nasal pus and histopathological examination for biopsied material.

Results: A total 82% patients were shown primary atrophic rhinitis and 18% cases were secondary atrophic rhinitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was commonly isolated bacteria in 72%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (12%) and other bacteria were E. coli (8%) and Proteus mirabilus (6%) and sterile swab in 2% cases. Squamous metaplasia was found in 78% cases, while transitional metaplasia in 16% cases. The incidence of dilated blood vessels, endarteritis, and periarteritis in lamina propria is 44%, 30% and 16% respectively.

Conclusions: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most commonly isolated bacteria. The most important pathological change is squamous cell metaplasia in atrophic rhinitis patients.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Parameshwar Keshanagari, Department of ENT, MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana

Assistant Professor, Department of ENT, MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India

Rhesa Noel, Department of ENT, MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana

Assistant Professor, Department of ENT, MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India

References

Dutt SN, Kameswaran M. The aetiology and management of atrophic rhinitis. J Laryngol Otol. 2005;119(11):843–52.

Kedarnath R, Mushtaq S. Clinical profile of patients with atrophic rhinitis: descriptive study. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;3:506-9.

Zohar Y, Talmi YP, Strauss M, Finkelstein Y, Shvilli Y. Ozena revisited. J Otolaryngol. 1990;19:345–9.

Lobo CJ, Hartley C, Farrington WT. Closure of the nasal vestibule in atrophic rhinitis - a new non-surgical technique. J Laryngol Otol. 1998;112:543–6.

Taylor M, Young A. Histopathological and histochemical studies in atrophic rhinitis. J Laryngol Otol. 1961;75:574-89.

Girgis IH. Surgical treatment of ozaena by dermatofat graft. J Laryngol Otol, 1966;80:615-27.

Bernat J. Ozaena. A manifestation of iron deficiency. 1st Edn. Oxford Pregman Press; 1968: 1-8.

Bunnag C, Jareoncharsri P, Tansuriyawong P, Bhothisuwan W, Chantarakul N. Characteristics of atrophic rhinitis in Thai patients at the Siriraj Hospital. Rhinology. 1999;37:125–30.

Chaturvedi VN. Atrophic rhinitis and nasal miasis. In: Kameswaran S, Kameswaran M, editors. ENT Disorders in a Tropical Environment. 2nd edition. MERF Publications; 1999: 119–28.

Artiles F, Bordes A, Conde A, Dominguez S, Ramos JL, Suarez S. Chronic atrophic rhinitis and Klebsiella ozaenae infection. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. 2000; 18:299–300.

Loewenberg B. Le Microbe de I` ozene. Annales de I` Institut Pasteur 1894;8:292-347.

Abel P. Die aaetiologic der ozaeria. Zertschrift fur Hygiene and Infektionskrantheiten. 1985;21:89-95.

Henriksen SD, gunderson W.B. The aetiology of ozaena. Acta pathologica et microbiologica scandinavica. 1959;47:380-6.

Chen HS. Desquamation and squamotransformation of rhinomucosa as a prodromal sign of atrophic rhinitis. J Otorhinolaryngol Related Specialties. 1984;46(6):327–8.

Slack JM. Metaplasia, in Oxford Textbook of Pathology. In: McGree JO, Issacson PG, Wright NA, Dick HM, Slack MPE, editors Oxford University Press. 1992;1:565–8.

Anand CS, Agarwal SR. A histopathological study in atrophic rhinitis. JIMS. 1972;59:178-181.

Sinha SN, Srivastava RN, Prasad D, Rajvanshi VS. Intra nasal injections of placental extract in atrophic rhinitis. Indian J Otolaryngol. 1978;30:20-2.