Anatomy of the lacrimal apparatus from a rhinologist’s perspective: a review

Authors

  • Manish Munjal Department of Otorhinolaryngolgy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Shubham Munjal Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Hitant Vohra Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Anu Prabhakar Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Ajay Kumar Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Sonia Singh Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Anshu Soni Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Seema Gupta Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  • Meenakshi Agarwal Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20210182

Keywords:

Lacrimal galand, Lacrimal sac, Nasolacrimal duct

Abstract

The postero-superioly situated lacrimal glands secreate tears to lubricate the exposed sclera, limbus and the cornea. The tears are ultimately are channeled into the antero-inferior sited lacrimal sac and thereby into the nasal inferior meatus. Epiphora may be secondary to irritative or obstructive pathology in the naso-lacrimal system.   Individual with epiphora necessitates intervention, medical or surgical.  The naso-lacrimal system with its unique anatomy has been elaborated upon to assist in detecting the precise site of pathology and plan management likewise.

 

Author Biography

Manish Munjal, Department of Otorhinolaryngolgy, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

Professor and Head, Deptt of ENTHNS

References

Welham RA. In: Miller S, ed. Clinical ophthalmology. IOP Publishing Ltd: Bristol (Indian Edn); 1997:391-441.

Wesley RE. Inferior turbinate fracture in the treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and congenital nasolacrimal duct anomaly. Ophthalm Surg. 1985;16:368-71.

Ali MJ, Kakizaki H. Embryology of the lacrimal drainage system. In: Principles and Practice of Lacrimal Surgery. Springer, Singapore; 2018:9-18.

Jones LT, Wobig JL. Surgery of the eyelids and lacrimal system. Birmingham, Aesculapius; 1976:58.

Codère F, Tucker NA, Renaldi B. The anatomy of Whitnall ligament. Ophthalmology. 1995;102(12):2016-9.

Nagato T, Yoshida H, Yoshida A, Uehara Y. A scanning electron microscope study of myoepithelial cells in exocrine glands. Cell Tissue Res. 1980;209(1):1-0.

Rice DH. Endoscopic intranasal dacryocystorhinostomy: Results in four patients. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1990;116:1061.

Snell RS, Lemp-MA. Clinical Anatomy of the eye, Boston, Blackwell; 1989:114-124.

Yamamoto H, Morikawa K, Uchinuma E, Yamashina S. An anatomical study of the medial canthus using a three-dimensional model. Aesth Plast Surg. 2001; 25(3):189-93.

Smith B, Bosniak SL. Orbital Trauma Surgery. Complications in Ophthalmic Surgery. 1983:387.

Takahashi Y, Kakizaki H, Nakano T, Asamoto K, Ichinose A, Iwaki M. Anatomy of the vertical lacrimal canaliculus and lacrimal punctum: a macroscopic study. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;27(5):384-6.

Tucker NA, Tucker SM, Linberg JV. The anatomy of the common canaliculus. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996;114(10):1231-4.

Ali MJ, Schicht M, Paulsen F. Morphology and morphometry of lacrimal drainage system in relation to bony landmarks in Caucasian adults: a cadaveric study. Int Ophthalmol. 2018;38(6):2463-9.

Alherabi A, Marglani O, Herzallah I, Shaibah H, Alaidarous T, Alkaff H, et al. Endoscopic anatomy of the lacrimal sac for dacryocystorhinostomy. A cadaveric study. Saudi Med J. 2017;38(3):245-50.

Tong J, Lopez MJ, Patel BC. Anatomy, Head and Neck, Eye Orbicularis Oculi Muscle. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL); 2020.

Sevel D. Development and congenital abnormalities of the nasolacrimal apparatus. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1981;18(5):13-9.

Moscato EE, Kelly JP, Weiss A. Developmental anatomy of the nasolacrimal duct: implications for congenital obstruction. Ophthalmology. 2010;117(12):2430-4.

Ye H, Feng Y, Yin S. Anatomy study of the lacrimal bone in dacryocystorhinostomy. J Clin Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;21(17):774-6.

Sathiamoorthi S, Frank RD, Mohney BG. Incidence and clinical characteristics of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019;103(4):527-9.

Downloads

Published

2021-01-25

Issue

Section

Review Articles