Spectrum of premalignant oral lesions in rural North Indian population at a tertiary care hospital

Authors

  • Syed Mohd. Faiz Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Ekta Agarwal Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Anuja Bhargava Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Prasoon Varshney Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Abdul R. Patigaroo Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Darakhshan Rizvi Department of Pharmacology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20184358

Keywords:

Premalignant oral lesions, Leukoplakia, Oral submucous fibrosis, Rural, Adverse oral habits

Abstract

Background: The objective of the study was to study the spectrum of premalignant oral lesions in rural North Indian population at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A total of 340 patients with oral lesions for more than 2 weeks were enrolled in the study. Patients with proven malignancy, white patch in the oral cavity which can be scrapped off, e.g. oral candidiasis and urban patients were excluded. Biopsy specimen was obtained from all the patients and evaluated histopathologically. Site, nature and type of oral lesion were determined. Demographic data and exposure to different risk factors was also noted. Findings were correlated using Chi-square test.  

Results: Premalignant lesions were seen in 191 (56.18%) cases. They included leukoplakia (n=87; 45.5%), OSMF (n=62; 32.5%), Erythroplakia (n=18; 9.4%), lichen planus (n=15; 7.9%), melanoplakia/ melanosis (n=8; 4.2%) and DLE (n=1; 0.5%) respectively. Most common sites affected by premalignant lesions were buccal mucosa (n=173; 90.6%), retromolar area (n=42; 22%). Majority of patients with premalignant lesions were aged 26-50 years (78.5%), males (62.8%), farmers/labourers (56%) and illiterate/educated upto primary level (57.1%). Almost all the patients had two or more adverse oral habits with areca nut chewing being most common (69.6%) followed by tobacco chewing (66%) and smoking (60.2%) respectively. Majority had these addictions for >5 years (66%).

Conclusions: Leukoplakia and OSMF dominated the premalignant lesions in rural patients having low education and high prevalence of adverse oral habits for prolonged duration.

 

Author Biographies

Syed Mohd. Faiz, Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Assisstant Professor

Department of ENT,

 

Ekta Agarwal, Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Resident doctor

Department of ENT

 

Anuja Bhargava, Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Associate Professor

Department of ENT,

 

Prasoon Varshney, Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Resident

Department of ENT

 

Abdul R. Patigaroo, Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Professor,

Department of ENT.

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Published

2018-10-24

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Original Research Articles